Methods: Prospective observational study involving 60 students of the health sciences with training in resuscitation, who simulated CPR on a mannequin for 10 min in different thermal environments: thermo-neutral environment (21 ☌ and 60% humidity), heat environment (41 ☌ and 98% humidity) and cold environment (−35 ☌ and 80% humidity). Physiological parameters (heart rate and lactic acid) and CPR quality were monitored. Results: We detected a significant increase in the number of compressions per minute in the “heat environment” group after three minutes and in the mean rate after one minute. We observed a negative correlation between the total number of compressions and mean rate with respect to mean depth. The fraction of compressions (proportion of time in which chest compressions are carried out) was significant over time and the mean rate was higher in the “heat environment”. Physiological parameters revealed no differences in heart rate depending on the resuscitation scenario however, there was a greater and faster increase in lactate in the “heat environment” (significant at minute 3). The total proportion of participants reaching metabolic fatigue was also higher in the “heat environment”. Conclusions: A warm climate modifies metabolic parameters, reducing the quality of the CPR maneuver.Īccording to the European Resuscitation Council (ERC), more than 275,000 people a year suffer an out-of-hospital cardiorespiratory arrest in Europe, with a variable incidence depending on the region, between 38 and 84 cases per 100,000 inhabitants/year. According to the Spanish registry for out-of-hospital cardiorespiratory arrest, in more than half of the cases (56.7%), basic life support was carried out before the arrival of the Prehospital Emergency Medical Services (PhEMS). The immediate performance of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) protocols become a crucial intervention for the survival of the affected patient. Survival rates after out-of-hospital cardiorespiratory arrest range from 5.0% to 30.0% in different European countries, increasing considerably in those cases where early CPR is performed. Intervening quickly increases the victim′s chances of survival.

Equally important is that the intervention meets CPR quality standards, which the American Heart Association (AHA) published in its 2015 guide on quality CPR, which stipulate a frequency of 100 to 120 compressions per minute at a depth of 5 to 6 cm in the lower half of the sternum.

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